Synthetism and Subjectivity: Les Nabis' Unique Approach to Art

Introduction:

Synthetism, a pivotal movement within Post-Impressionism, emerged in the late 19th century as a radical departure from traditional artistic norms. This chapter delves into the essence of Synthetism, exploring its distinctive characteristics and the profound impact it had on the art world.

The Birth of Synthetism:

Synthetism originated in the vibrant artistic circles of Paris, where a group of young and audacious artists, known as Les Nabis, sought to revolutionize the prevailing conventions of representation. Inspired by the works of Paul Gauguin and Vincent van Gogh, these artists embarked on a journey to create a new visual language that transcended the boundaries of objective reality.

Key Principles of Synthetism:

1. Subjective Expression: Synthetism championed the artist's subjective experience as the primary driving force behind artistic creation. Artists sought to convey their inner emotions, thoughts, and spiritual experiences through their works, rather than merely depicting external reality.

2. Symbolism and Abstraction: Synthetists employed symbols, metaphors, and abstract forms to communicate their subjective experiences. They believed that art should not be limited to literal representation but should evoke emotions and ideas through non-figurative elements.

3. Harmony of Form and Color: Synthetists emphasized the harmonious relationship between form and color. They believed that colors could convey emotions and create a sense of unity within a composition. Bold, vibrant colors were often juxtaposed to create striking visual effects.

4. Flattened Picture Plane: Synthetists rejected the traditional use of perspective and chiaroscuro, which created the illusion of depth. Instead, they flattened the picture plane, reducing the sense of spatial recession and emphasizing the two-dimensional nature of the artwork.

The Legacy of Synthetism:

Synthetism left an indelible mark on the art world, influencing subsequent artistic movements and shaping the course of modern art. Its emphasis on subjective expression and the use of symbols and abstraction paved the way for the development of Symbolism, Expressionism, and Abstraction.

Conclusion:

Synthetism, with its radical approach to artistic representation, challenged conventional notions of realism and paved the way for a new era of subjective and expressive art. Les Nabis' innovative techniques and bold experimentation continue to inspire contemporary artists, solidifying Synthetism's place as a pivotal movement in the history of art.