Syllabus - Fluid Mech. – II (CE 604(A))

Turbulent flow

Laminar and turbulent boundary layers and laminar sublayer, hydrodynamically smooth and rough boundaries, velocity distribution in turbulent flow, resistance of smooth and artificially roughened pipes,commercial pipes, aging of pipes. Pipe flow problems : Losses due to sudden expansion and contraction, losses in pipe fittings and valves,concepts of equivalent length, hydraulic and energy gradient lines, siphon, pipes in series, pipes in parallel,branching of pipes. Pipe Network : *Water Hammer (only quick closure case). transmission of power. *Hardy Cross Method

Uniform flow in open channels

Channel geometry and elements of channel section, velocity distribution,energy in open channel flow, specific energy, types of flow, critical flow and its computations, uniform flow and its computations, Chezy’s and Manning’s formulae, determination of normal depth and velocity, Normal and critical slopes, Economical sections, Saint Vegnet equation.

Non uniform flow in open channels

Basic assumptions and dynamic equations of gradually varied flow, characteristics analysis and computations of flow profiles, rapidly varied flow hydraulic jump in rectangular channels and its basic characteristics, surges in open channels & channel flow routing, venturi flume.

Forces on immersed bodies

Types of drag, drag on a sphere, a flat plate, a cylinder and an aerofoil development of lift, lifting vanes, magnus effect.

Fluid Machines: Turbines

Classifications, definitions, similarity laws, specific speed and unit quantities, Pelton turbine-their construction and settings, speed regulation, dimensions of various elements, Action of jet, torque, power and efficiency for ideal case, characteristic curves. Reaction turbines: construction & settings, draft tube theory, runaway speed, simple theory of design and characteristic curves, cavitation. Pumps: Centrifugal pumps : Various types and their important components, manometric head, total head, net positive suction head, specific speed, shut off head, energy losses, cavitation, principle of working and characteristic curves. Reciprocating pumps: Principle of working, Coefficient of discharge, slip, single acting and double acting pump, Manometric head, Acceleration head.