Introduction to Group Technology

Introduction

Group Technology (GT) is a manufacturing philosophy that aims to exploit the similarities among parts, resulting in a higher production efficiency. It is a key component of Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS).

The concept of GT has been around since the 1920s, but it gained prominence in the 1970s with the advent of computer-aided design and manufacturing technologies.

Key Concepts and Principles

GT involves the classification and coding of parts based on their design and manufacturing characteristics. This allows for the grouping of similar parts into 'part families'. These part families can then be processed in 'machine cells'.

The similarity between parts and machines can be quantified using various measures. These measures form the basis of the matrix, mathematical programming, and graph formulations used in GT.

The part-machine incidence matrix and part-part adjacency matrix are two common matrix formulations in GT. Mathematical programming formulation involves defining an objective function and constraints to optimize the part-machine assignment and machine cell formation.

Graph formulation involves representing the part-machine relationships and part-part adjacencies as graphs. This can help visualize the problem and aid in the solution process.

Problem-solving Approach

Typical problems in GT involve the assignment of parts to machines and the formation of machine cells. Real-world applications of GT can be found in various industries, including automotive and electronics manufacturing.

Knowledge Based System for Group Technology

A knowledge-based system for GT involves the use of artificial intelligence techniques to aid in the decision-making process. These systems can help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of GT, but they also have their limitations.

Conclusion

GT is a powerful tool in the realm of manufacturing, particularly in FMS. With the continuous advancements in technology, the potential for GT is vast and promising.

Summary

Group Technology (GT) is a manufacturing philosophy that groups similar parts into 'part families' for efficient production. It involves classification and coding of parts, quantification of similarity, and the use of matrix, mathematical programming, and graph formulations. Knowledge-based systems can aid in GT decision-making. GT is a key component of Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) and has wide-ranging applications.

Analogy

Think of Group Technology as a school system. Just as students are grouped into classes based on their age and learning level, parts are grouped into families based on their similarities. And just as a school timetable schedules classes into specific rooms at specific times, machines are scheduled to work on specific part families at specific times.