Syllabus - Material & Energy Balance (CM304)

Chemical Engineering

Material & Energy Balance (CM304)

III-Semester

Mathematical and Engineering calculation- Units, different unit systems, conversion of unit from one system to other, dimensions, dimensional analysis, dimensional group, fundamental of mole concept, composition of solid, liquid and gases, Basic Stoichiometric calculation.

Ideal Gases & Vapor pressure- Introduction of ideal gas, behavior of ideal gases, real gas, Vander Waal equation, compressibility factor method to solve cubic equation, vapor pressure, Raoult’s Law, Humidity, relative humidity, humid heat, humid volume, dew point, humidity chart and its use.

Material balance without chemical reaction- Fundamental of conservation of mass, Introduction of component balance, solving material balance without simultaneous equation for different unit operations, solving material balance at steady state and unsteady state, recycle, bypass and purge calculations. Aid of computer in solving material balance problems.

Material balance with chemical reaction- Introduction of component balance, solving material balance with chemical reactions, recycles, bypass and purge calculation with chemical reactions, combustion calculations.

Energy balance – Laws of thermochemistry Heat capacity, calculation of enthalpy changes, calculation of standard heat of reaction, heats of formation, combustion, solution, mixing, etc., effect of pressure and temperature on heat of reaction, energy balance with chemical reaction.

Course Objective

The objective of this course is to understand and apply the basics of calculations related to material and energy flow in the processes. In addition, to make a practical approach to solve industrial-related material energy balance problems.

Course Outcome

["Ability to familiarize with different unit systems and dimensional analysis.", "Ability to understand the concept of ideal gas, real gas, vapor pressure, and humidity.", "Ability to solve material balance problems involving recycle, bypass, and purge, without chemical reaction.", "Ability to solve material balance problems involving recycle, bypass, and purge, with chemical reaction.", "Ability to calculate energy balance using enthalpy changes and solve energy balance involving chemical reactions."]

Practicals

  • Determination of boiling point relation with respect to the concentration of caustic soda and verify Dehring’ rule.

  • Application of dry and wet bulb thermometer to find out atmospheric humidity.

  • Use of humidity chart to find enthalpy dew point humid heat and saturation.

  • Solubility at room temperature and boiling point of urea in water and verify the material balance.

  • Crystallization of copper sulfate in saturated solution by cooling and finding out the crystal yield.

  • To find out the heating value of coal using a calorimeter

  • Combustion of coal & performing the material balance

  • Proximate analysis of coal sample

  • Measurement of flame temp and compare actual & theoretical temp (Bunsen-Burner, Spirit Lamp, Kerosene Lamp.)

  • To find the heat of reaction using calcium oxide and water.

Reference Books

  • O.A. Hougen, K.M. Watson, R.A. Ragatz; Chemical Process Principles Part I –CBS pub.

  • David M. Himmelblau-Basic Principles and calculations in chemical Engineering –PHI

  • B. I. Bhatt, S.M. Vora; Stoichiometry; TMH.