Syllabus - Standard Calibration (EI 803 (B))

Introduction to Measurement

Significance of measurement, Different methods of measurement, Classification of measuring instruments, Application of measurement systems, typical measurement schemes. Units and Standards: MKS, SI units of engineering parameters, Details of different standards-mass, length, time, frequency, temperature, EMF, ampere, sub standards and lab standards.

Performance Characteristics

Definition of range, span, accuracy, precision, drift, sensitivity, reproducibility, repeatability, dead zone, resolution, hysteresis, threshold, zero error, noise, linearity, loading effect, static characteristics.

Testing & Calibration of measurement setup

Dynamic Characteristics: Dynamic response; Transient response; speed of response, fidelity, measuring lag etc, Linear approximation, Introduction to compensation techniques. Significance of testing and calibration, Calibration curve, Standards for calibration, Different calibration procedures-primary, secondary, direct, indirect, routine calibration, Calibration setup:-pressure gauge, level etc. Calibration of Ammeter, Voltmeter and Wattmeter, Energy meter.

Analysis of Errors

Definition; Types of errors; Calculation methods of different errors; Gaussian curve; Precision Index; Variance; Standard deviation; Uncertainty in measurement, ChiSquare Test, Curve fitting methods. Galvanometers: D‘Arsonaval Galvanometer— construction, Torque equation, Dynamic characteristic, Balastic Galvanometer— construction, working principle.

Displays and Recorders

Indicating Instruments- Construction, Operating principle of spring control, gravity control and damping. Recorders- Working Principle of chart recorder, strip chart, circular chart, magnetic tape recorder, thermal recorders, printer. Electronic Display- LCD, LED, alphanumeric, storage Oscilloscope