Distinguish between PMOS and NMOS logic circuit.

PMOS (p-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor) and NMOS (n-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor) logic circuits are the two main types of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) logic circuits. They are distinguished by the type of majority carrier that is used to conduct current in the circuit.

PMOS logic circuits use p-channel MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors) as the switching elements. In a p-channel MOSFET, the majority carriers are holes. When a positive voltage is applied to the gate of a p-channel MOSFET, holes are attracted to the gate and form a conducting channel between the source and drain terminals. When a negative voltage is applied to the gate, the channel is depleted of holes and the transistor is turned off.

NMOS logic circuits use n-channel MOSFETs as the switching elements. In an n-channel MOSFET, the majority carriers are electrons. When a positive voltage is applied to the gate of an n-channel MOSFET, electrons are attracted to the gate and form a conducting channel between the source and drain terminals. When a negative voltage is applied to the gate, the channel is depleted of electrons and the transistor is turned off.

The main differences between PMOS and NMOS logic circuits are:

• Majority carrier: PMOS logic circuits use holes as the majority carrier, while NMOS logic circuits use electrons as the majority carrier.
• Gate voltage polarity: PMOS logic circuits require a positive gate voltage to turn on, while NMOS logic circuits require a negative gate voltage to turn on.
• Output voltage levels: PMOS logic circuits produce a high output voltage when the input voltage is low, and a low output voltage when the input voltage is high. NMOS logic circuits produce a low output voltage when the input voltage is low, and a high output voltage when the input voltage is high.

PMOS and NMOS logic circuits are often combined to form CMOS logic circuits. CMOS logic circuits are more efficient than either PMOS or NMOS logic circuits because they consume less power and produce less heat. CMOS logic circuits are also more resistant to noise and interference.

Here is a table that summarizes the key differences between PMOS and NMOS logic circuits:

Feature	PMOS	NMOS
Majority carrier	Holes	Electrons
Gate voltage polarity	Positive	Negative
Output voltage levels	High when input is low, low when input is high	Low when input is low, high when input is high
Power consumption	Higher	Lower
Heat production	Higher	Lower
Noise resistance	Lower	Higher
Interference resistance	Lower	Higher