Write a short notes on (any two): a) PLA b) Multiplexer c) V-F converter d) Encoder

a) PLA (Programmable Logic Array)

A PLA (Programmable Logic Array) is a programmable logic device that can be used to implement digital logic functions. It consists of an array of AND gates and OR gates, which can be interconnected to create a variety of logic functions. PLAs are typically used to implement combinational logic functions, such as adders, decoders, and multiplexers.

The AND gates in a PLA are arranged in a matrix, with the inputs to the AND gates at the top of the matrix and the outputs of the AND gates at the bottom of the matrix. The OR gates are arranged in a row at the bottom of the matrix, with the inputs to the OR gates coming from the outputs of the AND gates.

The PLA is programmed by specifying the connections between the inputs and the AND gates, and the connections between the outputs of the AND gates and the inputs of the OR gates. This can be done using a programming language, or by using a graphical user interface (GUI).

PLAs are a versatile logic device that can be used to implement a wide variety of digital logic functions. They are relatively easy to program, and they can be used to create complex logic functions without the need for a large number of discrete logic gates.

b) Multiplexer

A multiplexer is a device that selects one of several input signals and passes it to a single output signal. The selection of the input signal is controlled by a set of select lines. Multiplexers are used in a variety of applications, such as data communication, signal processing, and computer architecture.

There are two main types of multiplexers: analog multiplexers and digital multiplexers. Analog multiplexers select one of several analog input signals, while digital multiplexers select one of several digital input signals.

Analog multiplexers are used in applications such as data acquisition and signal processing. Digital multiplexers are used in applications such as data communication and computer architecture.

Multiplexers are typically implemented using a combination of logic gates and transistors. The logic gates are used to implement the select logic, and the transistors are used to switch the input signals to the output signal.

Multiplexers are a versatile device that can be used in a variety of applications. They are relatively easy to implement, and they can be used to create complex switching functions without the need for a large number of discrete logic gates.