Describe the application of Monostable multivibrator? Also, mention the types of Monostable multivibrator.

Monostable Multivibrator

A monostable multivibrator, also known as a one-shot multivibrator, is a circuit that generates a single, timed output pulse when triggered. It is widely used in various electronic applications for generating timing signals, triggering events, and debouncing switches.

Functionality

In its stable state, the monostable multivibrator remains in a quiescent condition with one of its output terminals at a high voltage level and the other at a low voltage level. When triggered, the circuit switches to a quasi-stable state, where the output terminals exchange their voltage levels, and a timed output pulse is generated. After the predetermined time interval (duration of the output pulse), the circuit automatically returns to its stable state.

Applications of Monostable Multivibrator

• Frequency Division: Monostable multivibrators can be used to generate a precise output pulse train by dividing the input signal's frequency. The output pulse duration is determined by the timing components (resistor and capacitor) in the circuit.

• Pulse Width Modulation (PWM): Monostable multivibrators are employed in PWM circuits to generate variable-width output pulses. By controlling the timing components, the width of the output pulses can be adjusted, which is useful in applications such as motor speed control.

• Timers: Monostable multivibrators serve as simple timers to generate a single, accurate output pulse of a predetermined duration. They are often used to trigger other events or control processes with precise timing requirements.

• Debouncing Switches: Monostable multivibrators are commonly used to eliminate switch bounce, which is the momentary contact bouncing that occurs when a mechanical switch is pressed or released. The circuit generates a short output pulse that masks the switch bounce, ensuring a clean and stable output signal.

• Triggering Events: Monostable multivibrators are employed in various electronic devices to trigger events or initiate specific actions. For example, they are used in oscilloscopes to trigger the sweep of the electron beam, ensuring a synchronized display of waveforms.

Types of Monostable Multivibrator

1. Retriggerable Monostable Multivibrator: This type of monostable multivibrator can be retriggered during the output pulse duration. If a new trigger pulse arrives before the end of the current output pulse, the circuit restarts the timing cycle, extending the output pulse duration.

2. Non-Retriggerable Monostable Multivibrator: In contrast to the retriggerable type, the non-retriggerable monostable multivibrator cannot be retriggered during the output pulse duration. Once triggered, it completes its timing cycle and returns to the stable state, regardless of subsequent trigger pulses.